The paper focuses on the medical treatise traditionally attributed to the eight Shi'ite imam Ali al-Rižā (m. 818), entitled al-Risala al-dahabiyya fi al-tibh, and supposed to be composed by the imam at the request of the caliph al-Ma'mün. The treatise is mentioned by early Shi'ite scholars such as al-Tūsi (m. 1067), who considered it to be a work written by Muhammad Ibn Jumhür al-Ammi, a compagnon of the imam al-Rižā. The article tries to assess the place of this treatise among the early medical religious literature on the tibb al-nabi (medicine of the prophet) and the medicine of the imams composed in the Muslim world. The Risala al-dahabiyya presents interesting specific features compared to the other religious medical collections of the same epoch. especially for the notable level of assimilation of pre-Islamic scientific doctrine and notions that it includes, that anticipate of few centuries the examples of the same kind which are found in the Sunnite commentaries of prophetic medicine.